Tympanic Membrane Perforation Research Articles

Graft Healing Process Following Cartilage Myringoplasty Without Trimming of the Perforation Margin.

Objective: The objective of this study was to endoscopically evaluate the graft healing process and graft success rate following cartilage myringoplasty, without trimming of the perforation margin or external ear canal (EAC) packing. Material and Methods: Patients with chronic tympanic membrane (TM) perforation underwent endoscope cartilage underlay myringoplasty, without trimming perforation margin or EAC packing. The healing process of the cartilage graft and the graft success rate were evaluated at 6 months postoperatively. Results: Fifty-eight ears were included in this study. At 1 week postoperatively, clinical inosculation and neovascularization of the graft were observed in small- and medium-sized perforations, but not in large or subtotal perforations. At 2 weeks postoperatively, graft clinical inosculation and neovascularization were completed in the small- and medium-sized perforations; however, neovascularization of the graft had only just begun in the large perforations. At 3 weeks postoperatively, completion of the graft clinical inosculation was achieved in 57 of the 58 ears. At 4 weeks postoperatively, complete neovascularization was achieved in all perforations. Of the 58 ears, postoperative infection resulted in residual perforation in 1 ear, and an insufficient graft resulted in residual perforation in a large perforation without infection. Overall, the graft success rate was 96.6% (56/58). There was no correlation between the graft success rate and graft neovascularization score. Conclusions: The graft healing process experienced the dilation of the blood vessels of the remnant TM, graft clinical inosculation, and neovascularization following cartilage myringoplasty without trimming of the perforation margin and EAC packing; however, the graft success rate was not related to the endoscopic graft neovascularization scores.

Vestibular Hypofunction Secondary to Topical Use of Aminoglycosides in ears with perforated tympanic membrane.

The objective of this study was to identify and clinically characterize patients treated in an Otoneurology Unit who experienced vestibular ototoxicity as a result of using aminoglycoside ear drops during outbreaks of superinfection in chronic otitis media. An observational retrospective study was conducted, including patients with perforated eardrums who developed vestibular ototoxicity within the past ten years following the application of topical ear aminoglycosides in a tertiary referral center. The study encompassed the assessment of the clinical presentation, treatment, quality of life, and evolution after treatment of the identified individuals. During the study period, six patients, aged between 33 and 71 years, developed vestibular ototoxicity following the use of topical aminoglycoside drops due infection flares in chronic otitis media. All cases involved the use of gentamicin. Two cases were unilateral, and four were unilateral. The onset of symptoms occurred within one to four weeks of using the drops, resulting in all patients experiencing instability without vertigo attacks. After discontinuing the drops and undergoing vestibular rehabilitation, four patients experienced sequelae, with two patients (both with bilateral vestibular hypofunction) suffering significant impairment in their quality of life. Conclusion: Vestibular ototoxicity due to the topical application of aminoglycosides during acute exacerbations of chronic otitis media is a rare occurrence. However, given its potential for severe consequences and the fact that we are still encountering patients with this condition, healthcare professionals should explore alternative antibacterial agents that offer similar efficacy.

Silk fibroin-gelatin films crosslinked by genipin for regenerating tympanic membrane perforations

The tympanic membrane (TM) integrity is necessary for our normal hearing function. TM perforations pose significant morbidities such as middle ear infection, recurrent otorrhea, hearing loss, and acquired cholesteatoma. Myringoplasty is commonly performed to repair chronic perforations; although various grafts and materials have been utilized to promote TM regeneration, all have associated restrictions. This study aimed to prepare and evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of a tissue-engineered patch based on silk fibroin and gelatin (SF-GT) to improve regeneration. A casting technique was used to make the SF-GT films, using 0–30 v/v% GT, as it is shown that films are remarkably efficient for TM regeneration, easy to mass produce and cheap to make. The surface morphology (SEM), chemical structure (FTIR), crystallinity (XRD), mechanical strength (tensile test), water uptake and in vitro degradation, and cellular biocompatibility (MTT and scratch) were investigated for SF-GT films, and the optimal patch was chosen based on the results (SF-30GT). SF-30GT was used for in vivo studies in a rat model with TM perforations to induce TM regeneration. The morphology of the TM was assessed at days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 post-implantation using otoscopy and functional outcomes by auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). This study indicates that compared with the control group (spontaneous healing), the SF-30GT scaffold was more effective in promoting early TM regeneration (complete healing at day 7) and normal hearing (back to 20 dB after healing), suggesting that this scaffold can be a potential substitute for clinical use.

Long-term outcomes following pediatric endoscopic titanium ossiculoplasty: A single-institution experience

IntroductionEndoscopic ossicular chain reconstruction (OCR) in adults has demonstrated equivalent outcomes to the traditional microscopic approach. Less data exist on endoscopic OCR outcomes in children, who have unique considerations including a smaller transcanal corridor and variable pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate surgical and audiometric outcomes in children undergoing fully endoscopic and endoscopic-assisted OCR in both the short and long-term. MethodsRetrospective review of all children (<17 years) who underwent endoscopic OCR at one tertiary care center between 2017 and 2021. Children undergoing primary and revision endoscopic OCR with either partial (PORP) and total ossicular reconstruction prostheses (TORP) were included. Children undergoing surgery for juvenile otosclerosis or congenital stapes fixation, or any child receiving a stapes prosthesis were excluded. Primary outcome measures were post-operative change in 4 frequency (500 Hz, 1, 2, 4 KHz) air conduction pure tone average (AC PTA) and change in air-bone gap (ABG). Secondary measures included need for readmission and/or revision surgery, complication rate, and surgery duration. ResultsSeventeen patients met inclusion criteria. Average age was 11.3 years (range, 5–17 years); 14 were male. A variety of fixed length, titanium total and partial prostheses were used. The most common prosthesis length was 2 mm (range 2–5 mm), and there were no intra- or perioperative complications. Mean long-term follow-up was 2.6 years. Most common pathology was congenital cholesteatoma (11/17, 64%), followed by chronic otitis media with tympanic membrane perforation (5/17, 29.4%), and extruded prosthesis (1/17, 5.9%). Intraoperatively, the most common finding was incus erosion (10/17, 58.8%), followed by malleus erosion (6/17, 35.3%), stapes erosion (4/17, 23.5%), and stapes absence (4/17, 23.5%). Eight children (47%) were reconstructed with PORPs, and 9 children (52.9%) were reconstructed with TORPs. Average ABG improved from 36.8 dB preoperatively to 19.9 dB postoperatively in the short-term and remained stable at 19.5 dB in the long-term. Average short-term ABG improvement was 4.2 dB for PORPs and 18 dB for TORPs. In the long-term, average ABG improved by 2.3 dB in PORPs and 13.4 dB in TORPs. PORPs had higher rates of ABG closure and lower AC PTAs than TORPs in the long-term. DiscussionEndoscopic ossiculoplasty is a viable option in children presenting with ossicular erosion from various causes. Audiometric improvement following endoscopic partial and total ossicular reconstruction remains stable over time, with a preference towards partial in the long-term, and mirrors published outcomes for microscopic surgery.

Rate and Management of Tympanic Membrane Perforations in Children with Down Syndrome and Middle Ear Disorder

Rate and Management of Tympanic Membrane Perforations in Children with Down Syndrome and Middle Ear Disorder

Three-Dimensional-Printed GelMA-KerMA Composite Patches as an Innovative Platform for Potential Tissue Engineering of Tympanic Membrane Perforations.

Tympanic membrane (TM) perforations, primarily induced by middle ear infections, the introduction of foreign objects into the ear, and acoustic trauma, lead to hearing abnormalities and ear infections. We describe the design and fabrication of a novel composite patch containing photocrosslinkable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and keratin methacryloyl (KerMA) hydrogels. GelMA-KerMA patches containing conical microneedles in their design were developed using the digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing approach. Following this, the patches were biofunctionalized by applying a coaxial coating with PVA nanoparticles loaded with gentamicin (GEN) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) with the Electrohydrodynamic Atomization (EHDA) method. The developed nanoparticle-coated 3D-printed patches were evaluated in terms of their chemical, morphological, mechanical, swelling, and degradation behavior. In addition, the GEN and FGF-2 release profiles, antimicrobial properties, and biocompatibility of the patches were examined in vitro. The morphological assessment verified the successful fabrication and nanoparticle coating of the 3D-printed GelMA-KerMA patches. The outcomes of antibacterial tests demonstrated that GEN@PVA/GelMA-KerMA patches exhibited substantial antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, cell culture studies revealed that GelMA-KerMA patches were biocompatible with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSC) and supported cell attachment and proliferation without any cytotoxicity. These findings indicated that biofunctional 3D-printed GelMA-KerMA patches have the potential to be a promising therapeutic approach for addressing TM perforations.

The importance of mechanical and biological cues of tympanic membrane grafts to ensure optimal regeneration

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is often associated with permanent tympanic membrane (TM) perforation and conductive hearing loss. The current clinical gold standard, using autografts and allografts, suffers from several drawbacks. Artificial replacement materials can help to overcome these drawbacks. Therefore, scaffolds fabricated through digital light processing (DLP) were herein created to support TM regeneration. Various UV-curable printing inks, including gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), gelatin-norbornene-norbornene (GelNBNB) (crosslinked with thiolated gelatin (GelSH)) and alkene-functionalized poly-ε-caprolactone (E-PCL) (crosslinked with pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETA4SH)) were optimized regarding photo-initiator (PI) and photo-absorber (PA) concentrations through viscosity characterization, photo-rheology and the establishment of working curves for DLP. Our material platform enabled the development of constructs with a range of mechanical properties (plateau storage modulus varying between 15 and 119 kPa). Excellent network connectivity for the GelNBNB and E-PCL constructs was demonstrated (gel fractions >95 %) whereas a post-crosslinking step was required for the GelMA constructs. All samples showed excellent biocompatibility (viability >93 % and metabolic activity >88 %). Finally, in vivo and ex vivo assessments, including histology, vibration and deformation responses measured through laser doppler vibrometry and digital image correlation respectively, were performed to investigate the effects of the scaffolds on the anatomical and physiological regeneration of acute TM perforations in rabbits. The data showed that the most efficient healing with the best functional quality was obtained when both mechanical (obtained with the PCL-based resin) and biological (obtained with the gelatin-based resins) material properties were taken into account.

Comparison between endoscopic and microscopic type 1 tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia graft

Aim: is to compare the outcomes of endoscopic vs microscopic type 1 tympanoplasty in patients with central perforation in tympanic membrane with conductive hearing loss. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, at a tertiary care hospital and medical college, Odisha. This study was a hospital based single centered simple randomised control trial. A total of 100 cases of CSOM randomised into endoscopic and microscopic assisted tympanoplasty group (50 each) after taking proper informed consent. The duration of study was from September 2019 - August2021. Results: Out of 100 surgeries, there was one failure of uptake of graft and the patient belonged to the endoscopic group. Operative time was significantly shorter in the endoscopic group as compared to the microscopic group. There was no significant difference in terms of graft uptake and hearing improvement among the two groups. Conclusion: In both microscopic and endoscopic Tympanoplasty have their own advantages and disadvantages, Endoscopic Tympanoplasty offers slight benefits over Microscopic Tympanoplasty in terms of shorter duration, less granulation, less post op pain, wide angled view but   it has inherent disadvantages being a single handed procedure. Unlike microscope, endoscope is easily transportable, hence it can be ideally used in camps conducted in remote places&#x0D;  

Tympanic membrane perforations cannot be reliably detected using computed tomography based on 15 cadaver dogs.

The integrity of the tympanic membrane is an important factor when deciding treatment and therapeutic recommendations for dogs with ear disease; however, otoscopic examination may be difficult to perform due to features of external ear canal disease or patient compliance. CT is useful for the evaluation of middle ear disease, including cases in which middle ear disease is detected incidentally. The tympanic membrane is detectable using CT, but anecdotally, apparent focal defects or discontinuities of the tympanic membrane are often seen in patients with and without ear disease. The purpose of this prospective, observer agreement study was to determine if perforations of the tympanic membrane are reliably detectable on CT. Fifteen cadaver dogs underwent CT and video otoscopy to verify the integrity of each tympanic membrane. Cadavers were randomly assigned to have the tympanic membranes left intact or to undergo a myringotomy on either the left, the right, or both sides. CT was performed immediately following the myringotomies. Four blinded evaluators evaluated the pre- and post-myringotomy scans for a total of 30 scans (60 tympanic membranes). Average accuracy was low (44%), and interobserver agreement for all four evaluators was fair. Although the tympanic membrane is visible on CT, perforations of the tympanic membrane are unlikely to be accurately detected or excluded. The appearance of an intact tympanic membrane or defect in the membrane on CT should not be used as criteria to guide clinical treatment recommendations based on this cadaver model.

Pathogenic Potential of Turicella otitidis and Staphylococcus auricularis: A Case Report.

Objective: Turicella otitidis and Staphylococcus auricularis have been considered normal aural flora. Their significance in active infection is controversial. We examined a series of patients presenting with acute and chronic otitis media whose ear canal culture isolated T. otitidis and S. auricularis and explored possible pathogenicity, associated factors, and outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients who presented to a tertiary center outpatient clinic between 2017 and 2022 with otologic microscopic examination of active infection and ear canal culture isolating T. otitidis or S. auricularis only. Clinical course was collected including history, microscopic otoscopy findings, interventions given, outcomes, and sensitivity results. Results: A total of 13 patients (10 with T. otitidis and 3 with S. auricularis) were included. Majority of the patients had a history of otologic surgery (92%) and tympanic membrane perforation (62%). All were treated with combinations of antibiotic otic drops (ie, fluoroquinolone, sulfa, or aminoglycoside based) ± oral antibiotics (ie, penicillin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). Otorrhea resolved among majority of patients. Otorrhea and mucosalization returned or continued among 4 patients. Sensitivity results demonstrated that 2 of 3 strains of T. otitidis were resistant to clindamycin. There was no resistance against S. auricularis for tested antibiotics. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the potential pathogenicity of T. otitidis and S. auricularis, especially among patients with prior ear surgery and tympanic membrane perforation. Violation of the epithelial barrier from surgery or trauma may contribute to their pathogenicity. Future study is warranted to elucidate pathogenicity of normal aural flora and its mechanisms.

The efficacy of oral itraconazole in the treatment of otomycosis accompanied by a perforated tympanic membrane

: Managing otomycosis in patients with an existing tympanic membrane perforation can pose challenges. However, this study underscores the efficacy of oral itraconazole as a viable treatment option for such instances.The research encompassed 34 individuals experiencing both otomycosis and a perforated tympanic membrane. These participants received a combination of oral itraconazole and antibiotic ear drops as treatment. Over a period of six weeks, their progress was monitored to assess the treatment's effectiveness and to observe any potential instances of recurrence.Out of the total 34 subjects examined in the study, 25 individuals achieved complete recovery after just one week of oral itraconazole treatment. Among the remaining 9 patients, 6 experienced a successful resolution of the condition following two weeks of therapy. For 3 patients, an extended treatment duration was required, and in a singular case, a recurrence of the condition was observed at the six-week mark.Oral itraconazole treatment presents as an efficacious substitute for conventional approaches in addressing otomycosis accompanied by tympanic membrane perforation.

Alginate hydrogel-PCL/gelatin nanofibers composite scaffold containing mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes sustain release for regeneration of tympanic membrane perforation

Exosomes are among the most effective therapeutic tools for tissue engineering. This study demonstrates that a 3D composite scaffold containing exosomes can promote regeneration in rat tympanic membrane perforation (TMP). The scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), degradation, PBS adsorption, swelling, porosity, and mechanical properties. To confirm the isolation of exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), western blot, SEM, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were performed. The Western blot test confirmed the presence of exosomal surface markers CD9, CD81, and CD63. The SEM test revealed that the isolated exosomes had a spherical shape, while the DLS test indicated an average diameter of 82.5 nm for these spherical particles. MTT assays were conducted to optimize the concentration of hAMSCs-exosomes in the hydrogel layer of the composite. Exosomes were extracted on days 3 and 7 from an alginate hydrogel containing 100 and 200 μg/mL of exosomes, with 100 μg/mL identified as the optimal value. The optimized composite scaffold demonstrated improved growth and migration of fibroblast cells. Animal studies showed complete tympanic membrane regeneration (TM) after five days. These results illustrate that a scaffold containing hAMSC-exosomes can serve as an appropriate tissue-engineered scaffold for enhancing TM regeneration.

In Vitro Assessment of Wound-Healing Efficacy of Stabilized Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF-2) Solutions.

Chronic tympanic membrane perforations (TMP) pose a significant clinical challenge, but basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) shows promise for their treatment, despite its instability in aqueous solutions which hampers the sustained delivery crucial for the healing process. Addressing this, our research focused on the development of stabilized FGF-2 formulations, F5 and F6, incorporating dual, generally regarded as safe (GRAS) excipients to enhance stability and therapeutic efficacy. F5 combined FGF-2 (1600 ng/mL) with 0.05% w/v methylcellulose (MC) and 20 mM alanine, while F6 used FGF-2 with 0.05% w/v MC and 1 mg/mL human serum albumin (HSA). Our findings demonstrate that these novel formulations not only significantly improve the cytoproliferation of human dermal fibroblasts but also exhibit the most potent chemoattractant effects, leading to the highest fibroblast monolayer closure rates (92.5% for F5 and 94.1% for F6 within 24 h) compared to other FGF-2 solutions tested. The comparable performance of F5 and F6 underscores their potential as innovative, less invasive, and cost-effective options for developing otic medicinal products aimed at the effective treatment of chronic TMP.

Transcanal endoscopic carbon dioxide laser resection of early-stage (A1-B1) glomus tympanicum tumours: single-centre case series.

To report a single-centre experience in the endoscopic carbon dioxide laser-assisted approach to glomus tympanicum tumours. A retrospective case review was conducted of patients diagnosed with class A1 to B1 glomus tympanicum tumours who underwent exclusive transcanal endoscopic carbon dioxide laser surgery. Seven patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All patients (100 per cent) were women, with a mean age of 65.4 years (standard deviation, 13.6). There were five A2 tumours, one A1 tumour and one B1 tumour. One patient presented with a delayed tympanic membrane perforation needing myringoplasty on follow up. There were no substantial post-operative complications. The mean hospitalisation time was 9.5 hours (standard deviation, 9.8). The mean follow-up period was 32.7 months (standard deviation, 13.1), with all cases having resolution of pulsatile tinnitus and no tumour recurrence. The study provides further evidence on the safety and efficacy of endoscopic carbon dioxide laser surgery as a minimally invasive technique for treating early-stage glomus tympanicum tumours.

[The technique and application of individualized tympanic membrane flap in the repair of tympanic membrane under endoscopy ear surgery].

Objective:To investigate the technique of personalized flap making under otoscopy and its clinical application. Methods:The clinical data of patients who underwent 301 Military Hospital myringoplasty in the Department of otoendoscopic surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, from October 2022 to 2023 August were analyzed retrospectively, all enrolled patients were performed independently by the same skilled otoendoscopic surgeon. The patients' general condition, medical history, tympanic membrane perforation scope, perforation size, need for tympanic cavity exploration, thickness of skin flap, tympanic cavity lesion scope, skin flap making method and postoperative rehabilitation were collected. Results:Many factors such as the location of tympanic membrane perforation, the thickness of the skin flap, the degree of curvature or stricture of the ear canal and the extent of the lesion in the tympanic cavity should be considered in the manufacture of the individualized tympanic membrane skin flap, the way of skin flap making does not affect the long-term postoperative rehabilitation, but it can effectively avoid unnecessary ear canal skin flap injury and improve the operation efficiency. Conclusion:Scientific flap fabrication is important for improving surgical efficiency and enhancing surgical confidence.

A New Method in Transcanal Medial Grafting Type-I Cartilage Tympanoplasty.

To determine the surgical results of a modified technique for the tympanic membrane (TM) perforation repair and to compare this new technique with the traditional methods. An interventional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Otolaryngology, Medicana International Hospital, Samsun, Turkiye, from June 2019 till June 2021. The study was conducted with 24 patients who underwent cartilage tympanoplasty. Pure-tone audiometry (PTA), preoperative and postoperative air and bone conduction hearing levels were determined. The mean values of air and bone conduction and air-bone gap (ABG) were recorded. Postoperatively, 23 grafts were intact, and one was perforated, perforation secondary to otomycosis in the first month postoperatively. Eight patients had previous unsuccessful tympanoplasty history. These patients' tympanic grafts were intact with this technique. Surgical success rate was 96.0%. Postoperative hearing gain was 12,8 dB. Functional success rate was 88.0%. Mean surgery time was 30 minutes. Patients easily continued their lives in one-week time after the surgery. The new modified cartilage tympanoplasty method had high surgical success, and good audiometric results were obtained. Type-I cartilage, Tympanoplasty, Transcanal medial grafting, Tympanomeatal flap elevation.

Traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.

Traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.

Cartilage-Perichondrium Myringoplasty for Managing Intratympanic Membrane Cholesteatomas With Chronic Otitis Media in Adults.

Objective: This study evaluated the surgical outcomes and complications of the endoscopic cartilage-perichondrium graft technique for treating intratympanic membrane cholesteatomas (ITMCs) with tympanic membrane (TM) perforation or an atrophic TM in adults. Methods and Materials: Clinical data on 11 adult ITMCs were analyzed retrospectively. The graft success and cholesteatoma recurrence were evaluated 12 months postoperatively. Results: Of the 11 patients with ITMC, TM perforation had occurred in 2 (18.2%) and an atrophic TM or TM scar healing occurred in 9 (81.8%). In endoscopy, keratin debris accumulation was seen at the superior edge of the perforation or atrophic TM. Computed tomography revealed that the cholesteatoma was confined to the TM. Intraoperatively, the epithelial invasion of the cholesteatoma was limited to the fibrous layer within the TM. Cartilage-perichondrium grafting was performed after removing the cholesteatoma. All the grafts were successful, and the perforations achieved complete closure by the final 12 month follow-up. Endoscopy revealed no recurrent cholesteatoma. Of the 9 patients with preoperative tinnitus, the tinnitus disappeared in 3 (33.3%), was relieved in 4 (44.4%), and was unchanged in 2 (22.2%). Of the 7 patients with an ear fullness preoperatively, the ear fullness disappeared in 6 (85.7%) and was relieved in 1 (14.3%). The mean air-bone gap improved from 28.6 dB preoperatively to 16.2 dB postoperatively. Conclusions: Endoscopic complete excision of an ITMC and cartilage-perichondrium graft without raising a tympanomeatal flap can lead to successful graft intake and improve the symptoms for the patients with ITMC combined with perforation or atrophic TM.

Management of conductive hearing loss in tympanic perforation: Novel techniques and materials

Tympanic membrane (TM) perforation is a common medical condition often resulting from trauma or infection. TM perforation can lead to significant morbidity including pain, recurrent infections and conductive hearing loss. There are many methods of TM repair that have evolved to incorporate advancements in technology and reduce procedural burden. Three methods of repair that will be discussed include: transcanal endoscopic tympanoplasty, total drum replacement tympanoplasty, and in office TM repair. The size and location of the perforation, in addition to patient factors and physician preference influence the type of repair indicated. Closure rate of TM perforations and conductive hearing loss improvement have been shown to be similar across techniques. Steps to successfully master each technique including preoperative indications, specific surgical steps, and expected post-operative outcomes are discussed herein.

Structural, optical, dielectric and magnetic behaviour of Cu1-xCoxO (x = 0.2-0.10) nano-composites and their applications in efficient removal of Cr (VI) ion from water

Hexavalent Chromium (VI) is one of the main pollutants coming from industrial waste, dyes, paints, and plastics. It is one of the major concerns due to the adverse effects associated with Cr (VI) including respiratory cancer, skin irritation, kidney damage, liver damage and perforated eardrums. Many physico-chemical techniques used for the removal of Cr (VI) are not environment-friendly and cost-effective because of the large number of chemicals used. In the present study polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) capped Pure and Cu1−xCoxO (x = 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) nanocomposites synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method were investigated for their structural, optical, magnetic, and dielectric and for the effective removal of Cr (VI) ions from contaminated water. The monoclinic structure of synthesized materials was confirmed from detailed X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) measurements. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis confirmed the synthesis of elongated nanoparticles with an average crystalline size of ∼12–30 nm. The optical properties were determined from the analysis of diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and results showed a decreasing trend in bandgap values from 2.56 to 2.03 eV with an increase in Co2+ ion content. The presence of Cr (III) ions resulting from reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) was confirmed by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements revealed weak room temperature ferromagnetism in all synthesized nanocomposites tailored by Co2+ ion substitutions. The dielectric constants and dielectric losses of synthesized nanocomposites exhibit significant variation with frequency (∼1 kHz–5 MHz) and temperature (∼25 °C–300 °C) due to inter-granular activities and grain boundary effects. The adsorption capacity of the synthesized materials for the removal of Cr (VI) ions was evaluated for different initial Cr (VI) ion concentrations and adsorbent doses at room temperature. The fitted adsorption data were found to be in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model relative to the Freundlich and Temkin models.